Topic+Outline+5

Topic Outline 5 by: james hickey

__1789-1840__

5: The Early Republic, 1789-1815 a) Washington, Hamilton, and shaping of the national government b) Emergence of political parties: Federalists and Republicans c) Republican Motherhood and education for women d) Beginnings of the Second Great Awakening e) Significance of Jefferson’s presidency f) Expansion into the trans-Appalachian West; American Indian resistance g) Growth of slavery and free Black communities h) The War of 1812 and its consequences

Chapter 6 page 160 Chapter 7 page 182

Chapter 6 kt > divided federalists (175) when Adams became president the Federalist Party was divided and the republicans were attempting to end it
 * Weak central government (160) the congress was very passive and ineffective. This led to a need for a stronger central government
 * Support for strong central government (160) the support stemmed from economic problems and the overly weak central government
 * Alexander Hamilton (161) disliked the articles of confederation and looked to create a new form of government
 * The Virginia plan (162) called for the legislature to be bicameral
 * Small states vs. large states (162) debate over representation from each state because of the varying size in populations
 * The great compromise (163) the three fifths compromise meant that every slave counted as 3/5 for representation and taxation
 * Questions of sovereignty (163) debate between whether the state or the national government had ultimate sovereignty was settled by Madison, and the people were ultimately sovereign
 * Separation of powers (166) checks and balances between the judicial legislative and executive branch of the national government
 * Federalist papers (167) written by Alexander Hamilton john jay and James Madison the articles were to create support for the new constitution
 * Antifederalists (167) critics of the federalist they called themselves the true defenders of the revolutionary principles
 * Debating the constitution (167) feds wanted to avoid anarchy anti feds wanted to avoid a too powerful central government
 * Bill of rights (168) forbade congress to limit certain rights and liberties to the citizens of the US
 * Competing visions (168) feds wanted commercialized and urban republicans wanted rural and agrarian
 * Assuming the debt (169) Hamilton wanted to assume or take over all of the state’s debt in order to have the wealthy pay for the debt and in turn let the wealthy have a part in the government
 * Report on manufacturing (169) supported a excise tax on distiller and a tariff on imports to boost American industry
 * Hamilton’s plan (170) by the treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton included the national bank and taxes to raise capital for the country so the country could start with a solid economy. This move adds to the centralization of powers.
 * Bank of the US (170) creation of loose construction the national bank was not in the constitution but was still passed
 * Federalist Party (170) favored a stronger national government that many feared to be like England’s
 * Republican Party (171) opposition to the feds quickly manifested itself into a new political party
 * Whiskey rebellion (172) the federal response both ended the rebellion and showed the new national power.
 * Citizen Genet (173) a French representative that came to America and stirred up problems for the US’s neutrality
 * Jay’s treaty (174) establish us sovereignty in the North West and prevented a war with Britain at the time
 * Pinckney’s treaty (174) got America everything it wanted from the Spanish including use of the Mississippi
 * The XYZ affair (176) when representatives arrived in Paris the French demanded a loan and bribes before negotiations could continue this expanded to an undeclared war with France
 * The Quasi War (176) an undeclared war with France that led to the creation of the department of the navy and for the us to become allies with the British
 * Alien and Sedition Acts (176) new regulations against foreigners who were looking to become citizens and gave the president more powers in dealing with aliens
 * Virginia and Kentucky resolutions (177) both decided that the states could nullify decisions the congress made because of the contract between the national government and the states
 * The election of 1800 (177) a bitter election that ended in a tie between Aaron Burr and Thomas Jefferson until the house of representatives decided that Burr was untruth worthy and elected Jefferson
 * The judiciary act of 1801 (178) reduced the number of Supreme Court justiceships by one but increased the number of federal justiceships
 * Loose construction: using the necessary and proper clause to add things to the government.

 Chapter 7 kt
 * Importance of a virtuous citizenry (182) public education was in the eyes of the republicans the key to maintaining a successful democratic nation.
 * Private schooling (182) the education sector fell into private hands and many people were not educated because they could not afford it
 * New educational opportunities for women (182) in order for mothers to enlighten their children they themselves had to be educated.
 * Indian education (183) republicans believed the “backwards” Indians could be educated and civilized.
 * Higher education (183) college education was very rare and not public at all. Unlike what Jefferson wanted.
 * Establishment of a national culture (184) founders of the country after the revolution wanted to create a totally different country and culture including literary and artistic achievements tht would rival Europe’s.
 * Noah Webster (184) developed the first American dictionary which included different spellings of words.
 * Washington Irving (185) one of the first famous American writers who wrote ichabod crane and rip van winkle.
 * Deism (185) the belief that god created the world and universe then stopped influences daily life
 * Cane ridge (186) a giant camp meeting where ministers preached and supported the second great awakening
 * Eli Whitney’s cotton gin (188) a device that would separate the seeds from the useful material of cotton making it easier to manufacture.
 * Robert Fulton’s steamboat (192) the first boat to have a steam engine power the propulsion system of a ship
 * Urban life (193) lived totally different lives then the ones of farmers and looked for the latest goods and entertainment
 * Jefferson the politician (196) tried to makes the presidency less majestic and worked with the legislature in quiet and often devious ways.
 * Limiting the federal government (198) Jefferson and the executive branch cut positions and spending and cut the national debt in half.
 * Marbury vs. Madison (198) after the commission of one of Adams midnight appointments was subject to judicial review and the review found that the powers given to them to appoint marbury should of never been given them. It also decided that the legislature had no power to expand the judicial branch. This review gave the judicial branch security in their ability to review legislation
 * Toussaint L’Ouverture (200) leader of a slave revolt that overthrew the French in santo domingo
 * Napoleon’s offer (200) in order to make the US happy napoleon allowed the US to make the Louisiana purchase
 * Jefferson’s quandary (202) Jefferson believed in strict construction but buying the Louisiana purchase was loose construction.
 * The Napoleonic wars (204) franc looked to expand its empire. Led by napoleon Bonaparte
 * America’s predicament (204) because of both British and French policies they could not trade with Europe without being attacked by one of them.
 * Chesapeake-leopard incident (205) a British ship fired upon an American naval ship after it refused to be searched. Almost led to war
 * The embargo (205) blocked all ships from trading at a foreign port and caused a depression mainly among the north east
 * Non-intercourse act (205) reopened trade with all countries except France and England
 * Jefferson’s offer (206) Indians would either leave or assimilate into society either way they had to give up tribal lands.
 * The prophet’s message (207) that the native culture should be saved from the impurity and corruption of the white culture
 * Battle of Tippecanoe (207) governor Harrison attacked the native resistance and broke up Tecumseh’s force
 * War hawks (208) supporters of a war with Britain
 * Early defeats (209) all though the US made many invasion attempts the British repelled all of them and even took a few forts from the US.
 * Put-in-bay (209) Oliver hazard Perry dispersed the British in Lake Erie and allowed for another invasion of Canada.
 * The British invasion (209) British land and quickly disperse a poorly trained militia force and burn Washington.
 * Battle of New Orleans (211) a motley crew of Tennesseans, Kentuckians, creoles, blacks, pirates, and regular army troops repelled a much better trained British force was the end of the war.
 * Hartford convention (211) brought together to decide of New England would secede because of its grievances against the government and the republicans.
 * Treaty of Ghent (212) a hastily written treaty it ended the war and the British gave up land sessions.
 * Rush Bagot agreement (212) improved Anglo American relations and allowed Americans to trade freely with Britain and most of its empire.